Bunions

Also known as Hallux Abducto Valgus, a bunion is a bony lump that forms at the base of the big toe. A bunion forms when the big toe moves towards the other toes, causing the joint to protrude on the inside of the foot. 

Causes:

Bunions may have a genetic component but can also result from pressure pushing the big toe out of its natural alignment. The most common causes include:

• family history (inherited joint instability)
• narrow/pointed shoes
• slip on footwear/dress boots
• gait (the way you walk)
• inflammatory health conditions such as Rheumatoid Arthritis

Signs & Symptoms:

• bulging bump on the inside of the foot at the base of the big toe
• pain/stiffness
• difficulty fitting footwear
• swelling
• inability to move/bend the big toe
• corns/callus
• red/inflamed skin covering the bunion
• claw, hammer or mallet toes
• numbness

Treatment:

The nature of bunions is progressive, so the aim of treatment is to effectively manage symptoms and slow the progression.

Management of bunions can include:

• wearing wider shoes around the toes to take the pressure off and prevent crowding
• Orthotics.
• toe props/spacers to separate rubbing toes
• symptom management - such as treating callus and corns between toes
• referral to surgeon to discuss options such as bunion correction surgery.